Vim Tutor

h (left) j (down) k (up) l (right)

j == down

h == left

k == up

l == right

:q! == exit editor, DISCARD CHANGES

** Press x to delete the character under the cursor. **

** Press i to insert text. **

** Press A to append text. **

** Use :wq to save a file and exit. **

Lesson 2.1: DELETION COMMANDS

** Type dw to delete a word. **

** Type d$ to delete to the end of the line. **

d   number   motion
d      - is the delete operator.
motion - is what the operator will operate on (listed below).

  A short list of motions:
    w - until the start of the next word, EXCLUDING its first character.
    e - to the end of the current word, INCLUDING the last character.
    $ - to the end of the line, INCLUDING the last character.

2w to move the cursor two words forward.

3e to move the cursor to the end of the third word forward.

0 (zero) to move to the start of the line.

Type d2w to delete the two UPPER CASE words.

** Type dd to delete a whole line. **Other

Type 2dd to delete two lines.

Lesson 2.7: THE UNDO COMMAND

** Press u to undo the last commands, U to fix a whole line. **

capital U to return the line to its original state.

type CTRL-R (keeping CTRL key pressed while hitting R) a few times to redo the commands

Lesson 2 SUMMARY

To delete from the cursor up to the next word type: dw
To delete from the cursor to the end of a line type: d$
To delete a whole line type: dd
To repeat a motion prepend it with a number: 2w
The format for a change command is: operator [number] motion where: operator - is what to do, such as d for delete [number] - is an optional count to repeat the motion motion - moves over the text to operate on, such as w (word), $ (to the end of line), etc.
To move to the start of the line use a zero: 0
To undo previous actions, type: u (lowercase u) To undo all the changes on a line, type: U (capital U) To undo the undo’s, type: CTRL-R

Lesson 3.1: THE PUT COMMAND

Type dd to delete the line and store it in a Vim register.

Type p to put the line below the cursor.

Lesson 3.2: THE REPLACE COMMAND

** Type rx to replace the character at the cursor with x . **

Lesson 3.3: THE CHANGE OPERATOR

** To change until the end of a word, type ce . **

Type ce and the correct word (in this case, type ine ).

Notice that ce deletes the word and places you in Insert mode. cc does the same for the whole line.

Lesson 3.4: MORE CHANGES USING c

                   Lesson 3.4: MORE CHANGES USING c


 ** The change operator is used with the same motions as delete. **

The change operator works in the same way as delete. The format is:
```
c    [number]   motion
```
The motions are the same, such as w (word) and $ (end of line).
Move the cursor to the first line below marked —>.
Move the cursor to the first error.
Type c$ and type the rest of the line like the second and press .

NOTE: You can use the Backspace key to correct mistakes while typing.

Lesson 3 SUMMARY

To put back text that has just been deleted, type p . This puts the deleted text AFTER the cursor

Lesson 4.1: CURSOR LOCATION AND FILE STATUS

** Type CTRL-G to show your location in the file and the file status. Type G to move to a line in the file. **

Press G to move you to the bottom of the file.

Type gg to move you to the start of the file.

Type the number of the line you were on and then G

Lesson 4.2: THE SEARCH COMMAND

** Type / followed by a phrase to search for the phrase. **

To search for the same phrase again, simply type n .

To search for the same phrase in the opposite direction, type N .

To search for a phrase in the backward direction, use ? instead of / .

To go back to where you came from press CTRL-o (Keep Ctrl down while pressing the letter o). Repeat to go back further.

CTRL-i goes forward.

Lesson 4.3: MATCHING PARENTHESES SEARCH

Type % to find a matching ),], or } .

Lesson 4.4: THE SUBSTITUTE COMMAND

Type :s/old/new/g to substitute ’new’ for ‘old’.

Type :s/thee/the . Note that this command only changes the first occurrence of “thee” in the line.

:s/thee/the

Now type :s/thee/the/g . Adding the g flag means to substitute globally in the line, change all occurrences of “thee” in the line.

To change every occurrence of a character string between two lines, type :#,#s/old/new/g where #,# are the line numbers of the range of lines where the substitution is to be done. Type :%s/old/new/g to change every occurrence in the whole file. Type :%s/old/new/gc to find every occurrence in the whole file, with a prompt whether to substitute or not.

Lesson 4 SUMMARY

CTRL-G displays your location in the file and the file status. G moves to the end of the file. number G moves to that line number. gg moves to the first line.
Typing / followed by a phrase searches FORWARD for the phrase. Typing ? followed by a phrase searches BACKWARD for the phrase. After a search type n to find the next occurrence in the same direction or N to search in the opposite direction. CTRL-O takes you back to older positions, CTRL-I to newer positions.
Typing % while the cursor is on a (,),[,],{, or } goes to its match.
To substitute new for the first old in a line type :s/old/new To substitute new for all ‘old’s on a line type :s/old/new/g To substitute phrases between two line #’s type :#,#s/old/new/g To substitute all occurrences in the file type :%s/old/new/g To ask for confirmation each time add ‘c’ :%s/old/new/gc

Lesson 5.1: HOW TO EXECUTE AN EXTERNAL COMMAND

Type :! followed by an external command to execute that command.

As an example type ls following the ! and then hit .

Lesson 5.2: MORE ON WRITING FILES

** To save the changes made to the text, type :w FILENAME **

Lesson 5.3: SELECTING TEXT TO WRITE

** To save part of the file, type v motion :w FILENAME **

type v == Visual selection

d deletes the text.

Lesson 5.4: RETRIEVING AND MERGING FILES

** To insert the contents of a file, type :r FILENAME **

You can also read the output of an external command. For example, :r !ls reads the output of the ls command and puts it below the cursor.

Lesson 5 SUMMARY

:!command executes an external command.
Some useful examples are: (Windows) :!dir :!del FILENAME
(Unix) :!ls - shows a directory listing. :!rm FILENAME - removes file FILENAME.
:w FILENAME writes the current Vim file to disk with name FILENAME.
v motion :w FILENAME saves the Visually selected lines in file FILENAME.
:r FILENAME retrieves disk file FILENAME and puts it below the cursor position.
:r !dir reads the output of the dir command and puts it below the cursor position.

Lesson 6.1: THE OPEN COMMAND

** Type o to open a line below the cursor and place you in Insert mode. **

Type the lowercase letter o to open up a line BELOW the cursor

open up a line ABOVE the cursor, simply type a capital O

Lesson 6.2: THE APPEND COMMAND

Press e to advance through the end of each word.

Type a to insert text AFTER the cursor.

NOTE: a, i and A all go to the same Insert mode, the only difference is where the characters are inserted.

Lesson 6.3: ANOTHER WAY TO REPLACE

Type a capital R to replace more than one character.

NOTE: Replace mode is like Insert mode, but every typed character deletes an existing character.

Lesson 6.4: COPY AND PASTE TEXT

Use the y operator to copy text and p to paste it

yw yanks one word

yy yanks the whole line

then p puts that line.

Lesson 6.5: SET OPTION

Set an option so a search or substitute ignores case

:set ic == Ignore case

Set the ‘hlsearch’ and ‘incsearch’ options: :set hls is

Set the ‘ic’ (Ignore case) option by entering: :set ic

To disable ignoring case enter: :set noic

NOTE: To remove the highlighting of matches enter: :nohlsearch NOTE: If you want to ignore case for just one search command, use \c in the phrase: /ignore\c

Lesson 6 SUMMARY

Type o to open a line BELOW the cursor and start Insert mode. Type O to open a line ABOVE the cursor.
Type a to insert text AFTER the cursor. Type A to insert text after the end of the line.
The e command moves to the end of a word.
The y operator yanks (copies) text, p puts (pastes) it.
Typing a capital R enters Replace mode until is pressed.
Typing “:set xxx” sets the option “xxx”. Some options are: ‘ic’ ‘ignorecase’ ignore upper/lower case when searching ‘is’ ‘incsearch’ show partial matches for a search phrase ‘hls’ ‘hlsearch’ highlight all matching phrases You can either use the long or the short option name.
Prepend “no” to switch an option off: :set noic

Lesson 7.1: GETTING HELP

Vim has a comprehensive on-line help system. To get started, try one of these three: - press the key (if you have one) - press the key (if you have one) - type :help

Type CTRL-W CTRL-W to jump from one window to another.

You can find help on just about any subject, by giving an argument to the “:help” command. Try these (don’t forget pressing ):

    :help w
    :help c_CTRL-D
    :help insert-index
    :help user-manual

Lesson 7.2: CREATE A STARTUP SCRIPT

                      ** Enable Vim features **

Vim has many more features than Vi, but most of them are disabled by default. To start using more features you have to create a “vimrc” file.

Start editing the “vimrc” file. This depends on your system: :e ~/.vimrc for Unix :e $VIM/_vimrc for Windows
Now read the example “vimrc” file contents: :r $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim
Write the file with: :w

The next time you start Vim it will use syntax highlighting. You can add all your preferred settings to this “vimrc” file. For more information type :help vimrc-intro

Lesson 7 SUMMARY

Type :help or press or to open a help window.
Type :help cmd to find help on cmd .
Type CTRL-W CTRL-W to jump to another window.
Type :q to close the help window.
Create a vimrc startup script to keep your preferred settings.
When typing a : command, press CTRL-D to see possible completions. Press to use one completion.

Read the user manual next: “:help user-manual”.

For further reading and studying, this book is recommended: Vim - Vi Improved - by Steve Oualline Publisher: New Riders

See http://iccf-holland.org/click5.html

This book is older and more about Vi than Vim, but also recommended: Learning the Vi Editor - by Linda Lamb Publisher: O’Reilly & Associates Inc.

change color schme to elflord

:colorscheme elflord

Vim Tutor#

Lesson 2.1: DELETION COMMANDS#

Lesson 2.7: THE UNDO COMMAND#

Lesson 2 SUMMARY#

Lesson 3.1: THE PUT COMMAND#

Lesson 3.2: THE REPLACE COMMAND#

Lesson 3.3: THE CHANGE OPERATOR#

Lesson 3.4: MORE CHANGES USING c#

Lesson 3 SUMMARY#

Lesson 4.1: CURSOR LOCATION AND FILE STATUS#

Lesson 4.2: THE SEARCH COMMAND#

Lesson 4.3: MATCHING PARENTHESES SEARCH#

Lesson 4.4: THE SUBSTITUTE COMMAND#

Lesson 4 SUMMARY#

Lesson 5.1: HOW TO EXECUTE AN EXTERNAL COMMAND#

Lesson 5.2: MORE ON WRITING FILES#

Lesson 5.3: SELECTING TEXT TO WRITE#

Lesson 5.4: RETRIEVING AND MERGING FILES#

Lesson 5 SUMMARY#

Lesson 6.1: THE OPEN COMMAND#

Lesson 6.2: THE APPEND COMMAND#

Lesson 6.3: ANOTHER WAY TO REPLACE#

Lesson 6.4: COPY AND PASTE TEXT#

Lesson 6.5: SET OPTION#

Lesson 6 SUMMARY#

Lesson 7.1: GETTING HELP#

Lesson 7.2: CREATE A STARTUP SCRIPT#

Lesson 7 SUMMARY#